Zahlung von über 1,53 Milliarden US Dollar Schadensersatz an Alcatel-Lucent
verurteilt. Der Windows-Media-Player verletzt dem Urteil zufolge ein Patent von Alcatel-Lucent für
Audio-CodecS. Vgl. Gehring (2007)
Matters", Dalinghaus (2017) examines a range of institutional, legal, scholarly, policy and news
media sources to understand the current state of debate about – and evidence for – the links between cash [...] demand; 4) the number and value of debit and credit card transactions as alternative payment
media and 5) the share of the shadow economy in GDP. The sample runs from 2002.q1 – 2017.q4. All variables
way commit the OeNB.
Imprint: Responsibility according to Austrian media law: Wolfdietrich Grau, Secretariat of the
Board of Executive Directors, Oesterreichische Nationalbank
upwards.
Closely related to opportunity costs of holding banknotes are alternative payment
media. In addition to the pressure from existing means of payment (eg, debit and credit
cards), cash
deposits at any time according to the monetary stance it desires. It
shall be published through the media similar to the publication of foreign exchange rates. Cash
registers and smartphones (with proper
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• Dr. med. Clemens Bulitta, Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Erlangen
Medica Media 19. November 2008
Economic relevance of model-guided therapy
CURAC / CARS / DGBMT 2nd Joint Workshop
Matters", Dalinghaus (2017) examines a range of institutional, legal, scholarly, policy
and news media sources to understand the current state of debate about – and evidence for – the links between
Rajapakse, J.P., Scutt, J.E. (1999): Denitrification with natural gas and various new
growth media. Wat. Res. 33 (18), 3723–3734.
page
Rhee, G.Y., Fuhs, G.W. (1978): Wastewater den
Terminals sollen bis
spätestens 2020 abgelöst werden.
13 Aldi Nord, Lidl und Netto ebenso wie Media Markt und Saturn haben
im Juni 2015 angekündigt, dass sie nun Karten internationaler Karten-
systeme
particular, when contrast
media is injected, a data acquisition is mandatory, because the stored sequences can be
replayed as often as required without re-injection of contrast media. To achieve a sufficient [...] nly false
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the operating room rapidly with fast image processing and even a reduction of contrast
media and ionizing radiation dose (Pedra et al., 2011). The combination of an angiography
system in the
taken out of circulation and nonbanks (especially private households
and firms) don’t have enough media of exchange. Consequently, production in the economy
will be below its potential and a possible
evidence that cash is systematically slower as a
means of payment at the POS than other payments media.
(Table 2: Continued)
page
Pros and Cons of Cash: The State of the Debate 27
Credit
generally not the case indicating that cash is substituted more and
more by cashless payment media for low value payments
-20
-15
-10
-05
00
05
10
15
AT BE CY DE EE ES FI
decreases, in which case Iit would be negative. However, despite the spread of cashless payments media,
only very few countries to date experience a decline in banknote demand in nominal terms.
13
of payment media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 3: Share of cash and cards in retail trade according to the EHI . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 4: Shares of payment media in 2011: [...] . . 45
Figure 23: Cashless payment media in Germany (quantity) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 24: Cashless payment media in Germany (value) . . . . . . . . . . [...] the costs associated with payment media. It
focuses on cash and card payments. We will then try to quantify the significance of
payment transactions and payment media for Germany applying a demand-based
11 See on this point Markose and Loke, 2003, who look at the interdependencies between payments media use,
network effects and interest rates.
12 Bindseil and Seitz, 2001, analyse banknotes in circulation [...] histories. Shy and Tarkka, 2002, theoretically analyse the markets for three different payments media,
80
ECB
Work ing Paper Ser ie s No . 330
April 2004
page
References
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[9] Kurniawan, A.: Getting Started with Raspberry
decreases, in which case Iit would be negative. However, despite the spread of cashless payments media,
only very few countries to date experience a decline in banknote demand in nominal terms.
13
annotation https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/consumer-finance/discussion-papers/HurricaneKatrinaJan06.pdf https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/consumer-finance/discussion- [...] annotation https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/consumer-finance/discussion-papers/HurricaneKatrinaJan06.pdf https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/consumer-finance/discussion- [...] annotation https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/consumer-finance/discussion-papers/HurricaneKatrinaJan06.pdf https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/consumer-finance/discussion-
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decreases, in which case Iit would be
negative. However, despite the spread of cashless payments media, only very
few countries to date experience a decline in banknote demand in nominal
terms.
estimator
nly false
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Research Discussion Papers no. 11.
ten Raa, T. & V. Shestalova (2004), Empirical Evidence on Payment Media Costs and
Switch Points, Journal of Banking & Finance 28, S. 203 – 213.
Tobin, J. (1956), The