narrowly related to special
characteristics of currency, e.g. its anonymity and secrecy.5 An international comparison of
currency demand equations including socio-economic factors is presented by Kenny [...] et al., 2002, for Italy and Goodhart/Krueger, 2001, as well as Snellman et
al., 2000, for an international comparison including several EU countries.
9
ECB
Work ing Paper Ser ie s No . 330
April [...] n in the euro area within the operational framework of
the Eurosystem.
13 On the possible international role of the euro and the dollar, see for instance Cohen, 1996, Cohen, 1998, and
Müller, 1999
C-arms are generally considered insufficient for cardiovascular
imaging and do not comply with international standards for cardiac imaging (Bonatti et al.,
2007). For hybrid rooms, fixed monoplane and biplane
zunehmende Bedeutung von Staatsfonds auf den internationalen Finanzmärkten ist hingegen
das Nebenprodukt der globalen Ungleichgewichte bzw. der hohen internationalen
Kapitalströme.
3.2. Reaktionen [...] Verbraucherpreise (Abb. 4) und des BIP-
Deflators (Abb. 5) an.
Abb. 4: Verbraucherpreise international (in %)
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 [...] sinkenden Preisen in der überwiegenden Mehrzahl der
Fälle positiv.
Abb. 5: Preisentwicklung international anhand des BIP-Deflators (in %)
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970
Ramadorai (2016), International Comparative Household
Finance, Annual Review of Economics 8, 111-144.
Badarinza, C., J. Campbell & T. Ramadorai (2017), What Calls to ARMs? International
Evidence [...] einer festen Zinsbindung gegenüber einer variablen Verzinsung bei
Immobilienfinanzierungen international sehr unterschiedlich ist.1 Uneinigkeit herrscht
allerdings in der Literatur darüber, wie die [...] Seitz, Gerhard Rösl und Nikolaus Bartzsch
31 Labour Market Institutions and Unemployment. An International Comparison
von Horst Rottmann und Gebhard Flaig
32 The Rule of the IMF in the European Debt
(2005), Empirical Exchange Rate Models of the Nineties: Are any fit to survive?,
Journal of International Money and Finance 24, S. 1150-1175.
Chinn M.D., LeBlanc, M & O. Coibion (2005), The Predictive [...] J. Shore (2005), A Monthly Crude Oil Spot Price Forecasting Model Using Relative Inventories, International
Journal of Forecasting 21, S. 491-501.
Zamani, M. (2004), An Econometrics Forecasting Model [...] demand for the company’s products or services, changes in foreign exchange markets, changes in international and domestic
financial markets and in the competitive environment, and other factors relating
17Z
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1
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Deerfield Beach, FL., U.S.A., December 5-7, 2005.
“National and International Returns to Scale in the Modern Theory of International Trade”,
The American Economic Review, 72, June, pp. 389–405
Feenstra, Robert (2003). Advanced International Trade: Theory [...] Model in International Trade: Advances and Applications Cambridge University Press, New
York.
Berthelon, Matias, and Caroline Freund (2008). “On the conservation of distance in international trade” [...] Theory and Measurement of International Trade in
Differentiated Products. London.
Harrigan, James, 1996. “Openness to trade in manufactures in the OECD,” Journal of International Economics,
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serve System, Washington, S. 207-262
International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics, Washington, verschiedene Jahr-
gänge
International Monetary Fund (1994), Lebanon - Economic [...] (for
example, the per capita cash holdings or the velocity of circulation of cash). Both
international cross-sectional comparisons and purely national conditions indicate that there
are certain [...] is done on the basis of the DM-US dollar exchange rate. On the one hand, this reflects the
international strength of the Deutsche Mark. On the other hand, the Deutsche Mark (in
countries in which
(international foreign currency traders) to countries outside the euro area. These net
shipments correspond to the difference between the outpayments by the Bundesbank to
international foreign [...] Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,
International Finance Discussion Papers 657.
European Central Bank (2014), The international role of the euro, July.
Fischer, B, P Köhler & F [...] foreign currency traders and the inpayments by the international foreign
currency traders at the Bundesbank. The estimated regional distribution of euro
banknotes issued in Germany estimated using
al. (2016) provides an international comparison.
2 Symptomatic is the title of Kenneth Rogoff’s (2016) book “The Curse of Cash“, former chief economist of the
International Monetary Fund. The head [...] advantages of cash can be found in Krüger und Seitz (2017).
19 Cf. Rösl (2006, 2007), for an international perspective see Harper (1948), Timberlake (1987) und Warner (2014).
page
8
[...] Stix (2016), Consumer
Cash Usage: A Cross-Country Comparison with Payment Diary Survey Data, International
Journal of Central Banking, 1-61.
Bartzsch, N., G. Rösl and F. Seitz (2013), Currency
Moreover, only a short period to deposit these notes in
banks and post offices was provided (Cards International 2016).
Below, we will take up some of the issues that figure prominently in the dis-
cussion [...] merchants’ and consumers’ surveys (Fung /
Huyuh / Kosse 2017).
Table 2
Costs of Payments – International Overview (Cost per Transaction)
Cash Cards Debit Credit
US 2003 $54 2.18 1.07 1.16
[...] 75 % for households with an income of
less than €1,500 (Deutsche Bundesbank 2015, 35). In an international study, Ba-
gnall et al. (2016) find clear confirmation of the education effect, in particular
ANG
Bern • Berlin • Bruxelles • Frankfur t am Main • New York • Oxford • Wien
© Peter Lang AG, International Academic Publishers, Bern 2011; Hochfeldstrasse 32, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
info@peterlang.com
for Switzerland", Genève.
Joines, D. H. (1985). "International Currency Substitution and the Income Velocity of Money", Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol. 4, No.3, pp. 303-316.
Johansen [...] or international mobility rather than CS; see e.g. Brillembourg/Schadler (1979), Cuddington (1983), Thomas (1985). McKinnon (1982) uses the term "indirect CS". In general, the term "(international) portfolio [...] it is probably above all the D-Mark that falls into this category because of its role as an international investment, reserve and anchor currency.� Variables which are able to capture these effects (in
Kartengestützte Zahlungssysteme im Einzelhandel.
Cologne.
European Central Bank, 2011a. The international role of the Euro. July.
European Central Bank, 2011b. Guideline of the ECB of 30 June 2011 amending
nicht nur Lob für die EZB-Geldpolitik.
Prof. Dr. Franz Seitz von der OTH Amberg-Weiden ist ein international gefragter Experte für Geldpolitik. Foto: Simon Gehr
Interview: Robert Torunsky
Foto: Simon
Letia (Hg.): 2013 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent
Computer Communication and Processing (ICCP 2013). Cluj-Napoca,
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on Intelligent [...] environments. In: Robotics and
Automation (ICRA), 2014 IEEE International Conference on. May 31
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ence on Mechatronics and Automation. IEEE ICMA 2019 : August 4-7,
2019, Tianjin, China. 2019 IEEE International Conference on Mecha-
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08C88CF1/fronius_international/hs.xsl/17_13808_DEU_HTML.htm
Zugriff am 25.11.2010
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[FRO-10d] http://www.fronius.com/cps/rde/xchg/SID-1D0EED64-
640C3899/fronius_international/hs.xsl/17_13843_DEU_HTML [...] Footprint. Positionen
zur Erfassung und Kommunikation des Product Carbon Footprint für die
internationale Standardisierung und Harmonisierung. Dez. 2009.
Zugriff unter http://www.bmu.de/themen/
A Company of the International MTM Group for Productivity Services
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Das Ergonomieverfahren EWAS (European Assembly Work-
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modules:
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Das Ergonomieverfahren EWAS (European Assembly Work-
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Digitale_Fabrik_Flyer_Endfassung-FH
page
Die Sicherung deutscher Produktions-
standorte im internationalen Wettbewerb
erfordert eine detaillierte, hochwertige
und schnelle Planung der Produk-
ti
bis hin
zur Stromerzeugung aus Biomasse, Altstoffen und Wohlstandsmüll.3
Schätzungen der International Energy Agency zufolge sollen die Erdölvorrä-
te in der Golfregion in den nächsten vierzig bis [...] Hydro
und Royal Dutch Shell verfolgt die Wasserstoffgewinnung und –nutzung in Island.
38 Internationales Energie- und Aluminiumunternehmen mit Aktivitäten in über 40 Ländern.
page
8 Peter [...] elle, Karlsruhe (1999).
Funke, H. / Tan, G.: SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961371, 26th International Conference on
Environmental Systems, Monterey Ca, July 8-11 (1996).
2, 1992.
[6] H. Funke, G. Tan, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961371 Pre-
sented at 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems,
Monterey, CA, 8–11 July 1996.
[7] P. Kurzweil, O. Schmid [...] Platinum Met. Rev. 38 (1994) 46–56.
[14] P. Kurzweil, H.-J. Fischle, in: Proceedings of the 11th International
Seminar on Double Layer Capacitors, Deerfield Beach, USA, 3–5
December 2001.
[15] W. Schmickler