the Chiang Mai Initiative of bilateral swaps
and credits fostered a re-orientation towards regional arrangements. As of spring 2007, IMF
credit outstanding to emerging market borrowers was less than [...] be used in the
financing of IMF transactions, holdings of SDRs and unused amounts, if any, under credit lines already
activated. The fcc is a measure of the resources available for new financial commitments [...] introduced and used facilities with no or
only negligible ex-post conditionality (e.g. the Flexible Credit Line).
52 Gros, Daniel; Mayer, Thomas, “How to deal,” op. cit.
page
14
program
the Chiang Mai Initiative of bilateral swaps
and credits fostered a re-orientation towards regional arrangements. As of spring 2007, IMF
credit outstanding to emerging market borrowers was less than [...] be used in the
financing of IMF transactions, holdings of SDRs and unused amounts, if any, under credit lines already
activated. The fcc is a measure of the resources available for new financial commitments [...] introduced and used facilities with no or
only negligible ex-post conditionality (e.g. the Flexible Credit Line).
52 Gros, Daniel; Mayer, Thomas, “How to deal,” op. cit.
page
14
program
exchange rate of the
€ with respect to 38 partner countries; 1) number of credit card transactions; 2): number of credit and debit card
transactions.
The residuals of the three equations seem [...] respect to 38 partner
countries to capture foreign demand; 4) the number and value of debit and credit card transactions as alternative payment
media and 5) the share of the shadow economy in GDP [...] substitution relationship between banknote demand and card payments. It is captured by the
number of credit card transactions in the case of medium and large denominations, and by the number of debit card
the Chiang Mai Initiative of bilateral swaps
and credits fostered a re-orientation towards regional arrangements. As of spring 2007, IMF
credit outstanding to emerging market borrowers was less than [...] be used in the
financing of IMF transactions, holdings of SDRs and unused amounts, if any, under credit lines already
activated. The fcc is a measure of the resources available for new financial commitments [...] introduced and used facilities with no or
only negligible ex-post conditionality (e.g. the Flexible Credit Line).
52 Gros, Daniel; Mayer, Thomas, “How to deal,” op. cit.
page
14
program
weltweit zügig an und erschwerten die Refinanzierung der Unter-
nehmen. Nachdem die Credit Spreads und die Prämien von Credit Default Swaps
(CDS-Spreads) in den Jahren vor der Finanzkrise tendenziell rückläufig [...] Washington D.C.
KRUGMAN, P. (1979): A model of balance of payments crises, in: Journal of Money, Credit, and
Banking, Vol. 11, S. 311-325.
KRUGMAN, P. (1998): What happened to Asia?, Januar 1998, [...] RANCIERE, R. (2006): Financial development, financial fragility, and growth, in: Jour-
nal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol. 38, S. 1051-1076.
MA, G. / MCCAULEY, R. N. (2008): Efficacy of China's capital
Technischen Hochschule
Amberg-Weiden nachzuweisen. Die Prüfungskommission legt bei fehlenden Credits zu Beginn des
Studiums die zusätzlich zu erbringenden Studien- und Prüfungsleistungen fest, die
November 2011
Rottmann, H., Wollmershäuser, T., A Micro Data Approach to the Identification of Credit
Crunches, CEFISO Working Paper No. 3159, 2010
Rottmann, H., Auer, B., Ein Überblick über die
study programmes makes use of
modular components and of the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) with 30 credits corresponding to
one semester.
8.4.1 Bachelor
Bachelor degree study [...] of study. An Intermediate Examination (Diplom-Vorprüfung
for Diplom degrees; Zwischenprüfung or credit requirements for the Magister Artium) is prerequisite to enter the second stage
of advanced studies
Michael(1989), The Determinants of the Money Multiplier in the United Kingdom,
Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol. 2 1, S. 464-480
Becker, William E. (1 975), Determinants of the United States [...] Boeschoten, Willem C., Fase, Martin M.G. (1992), The Demand for Large Bank Notes, Journal
of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol. 24, S. 3 19-337
Bordo, Michael D., Jonung, Lars (1987), The Long-run Behavior [...] Economy, Vol. 66, S. 303-328
Calvo, Guillermo A., Kumar, Manmohan S. (1994), Money Demand, Bank Credit, and Eco-
nomic Performance in Former Socialist Economies, IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 41, S. 3 14-349
Ingenieurtechnische
Fächer
Berufsbildende
Fächer
SWS = Semesterwochenstunden. Credit Points ergeben sich als CP = SWS · 1,25
Änderungen in SWS gegenüber dem Diplomstudiengang U [...] Das Zeugnis wird aussagen, wie weit ein Absolvent über dem Durchschnitt
liegt.
Leistungspunkte (Credit points) messen den Arbeitsaufwand (Work load).
Statt Semesterwochenstunden gibt es künftig Le [...] arbeitsfrei = 44 Wochen · 40 Stunden/Woche = 1760 Stunden Arbeitszeit
Als Umrechnungsfaktor von SWS in Credit Points und „Work Load“ gilt grob:
1 cp = 30 Arbeitsstunden.
1 SWS = 1,25 cp = 37,5 Arbeitsstunden
and inter-
cultural events, as well as through regulated procedures for the
recognition of credits earned abroad.
page
12
Forschung ist heutzutage innerhalb enger nationaler Grenzen [...] from a wide range of general
language courses and have their participation recognised as
credit points.
The intercultural experience of students, teaching staff and
employees does not
Technischen Hochschule Am-
berg-Weiden nachzuweisen. 2Die Prüfungskommission legt bei fehlenden Credits zu Beginn des Studi-
ums die zusätzlich zu erbringenden Studien- und Prüfungsleistungen fest, die
Technischen Hochschule Am-
berg-Weiden nachzuweisen. 2Die Prüfungskommission legt bei fehlenden Credits zu Beginn des Studi-
ums die zusätzlich zu erbringenden Studien- und Prüfungsleistungen fest, die
For once, it plays a dominant role for small and mid-sized
payments in almost all countries over credit-transfers of commercial bank deposits.2 It is an open question whether CBDC will at
least to some [...] analysed in chapter V.
Since those countries are either mostly unbanked and/or suffer from high credit transfer fees, one can safely assume that the data
presented in Fig. 1 mostly represent cash remittances [...] pay a price in terms of foregone interest income on foreign savings by granting an interest-
free credit to the cash exporting country leading to an increase in seigniorage there.
17 In the euro area
Rating Systems E. Hayden, D. Tasche
2 2003 Credit Risk Factor Modeling and A. Hamerle,
the Basel II IRB Approach T. Liebig, D. Rösch
1 2004 Forecasting Credit Portfolio Risk A. Hamerle,
T. Liebig, H. [...] which occurred in January 1988. German M3 consisted of currency in circulation
(excluding the credit institutions’ cash balances) and sight deposits, time deposits for
less than four years and savings [...] three months' notice held by domestic non-
banks – other than the Federal Government – at domestic credit institutions.26
The Bundesbank published seasonally adjusted data on the level of the money
rates
activity and inflation. In Section 3 we introduce rise because real rates rise due to tight credit.
the data used in the paper. Section 4 briefly The dynamics of the long-term rates, however,
discusses [...] short-term
for the European Central Bank. rates. A tightening of monetary policy reduces
available credit, and leads to a postponement of
investment and consumption; hence an ‘in-
verted’ yield curve is [...] influenced by the stance of monet-
ary policy, but also reflect a variety of other
conditions in the credit market. Given the low
liquidity of the market for bank bonds in
Germany until the mid-1990s the public
the rate on savings deposits minus a money market rate and
the spread between the rate on consumer credit and the base rate. An additional
variable repeatedly included in models for the UK is the rate of [...] households’ demand for loans, Chrystal and
Mizen (2001) find that consumption, money holdings and credit interact both
in the determination of the long-run equilibrium and in their short-run adjust-
ment [...] “Modelling US Households’
Demand for Liquid Wealth in an Era of Financial Change”, Journal of Money,
Credit and Banking 30(1),pp. 82–101.
Atta-Mensah, Joseph (2004), “Money Demand and Economic Uncertainty”
Technischen Hochschule
Amberg-Weiden nachzuweisen. 2Die Prüfungskommission legt bei fehlenden Credits zu Beginn des
Studiums die zusätzlich zu erbringenden Studien- und Prüfungsleistungen fest, die
payment for different transactions, thus using cash in parallel to
other alternatives such as credit cards or mobile payments.
Moreover, most surveys around the world reveal that cash continues [...] Corporate Culture
von Lianke Song und Bernt Mayer
24 A Micro Data Approach to the Identification of Credit Crunches
von Timo Wollmershäuser und Horst Rottmann
25 Strategies and possible directions to
payment for different transactions, thus using cash in parallel to
other alternatives such as credit cards or mobile payments.
Moreover, most surveys around the world reveal that cash continues [...] Corporate Culture
von Lianke Song und Bernt Mayer
24 A Micro Data Approach to the Identification of Credit Crunches
von Timo Wollmershäuser und Horst Rottmann
25 Strategies and possible directions to
orte/Functions/glossar.html?lv2=21142&lv3=62
696, abgerufen am 23.09.14
10
Standard & Poors, Credit RatingsDefinitions &FAQs, http://www.standardandpoors.com/ratings/definitions-and-
faqs/en/us, abgerufen [...] der Währungsunion, 1993, Walter de Gruyter Verlag, Berlin,
New York
28. Standard & Poors, Credit RatingsDefinitions &FAQs,
http://www.standardandpoors.com/ratings/definitions-and-faqs/en/us [...] Corporate Culture
von Lianke Song und Bernt Mayer
24 A Micro Data Approach to the Identification of Credit Crunches
von Timo Wollmershäuser und Horst Rottmann
25 Strategies and possible directions to
Ergebnis der
Abschlussarbeit verteidigt.
ECTS Leistungspunkte (credit points) nach dem European Credit Transfer System
SWS Semesterwochenstunden (Anzahl der Kontaktstunden)
FWPM
Ergebnis der
Abschlussarbeit verteidigt.
ECTS Leistungspunkte (credit points) nach dem European Credit Transfer System
SWS Semesterwochenstunden (Anzahl der Kontaktstunden)
FWPM
Prescott (1997), “Postwar U.S. Business Cycles. An Empirical Investiga-
tion“. Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 29, 1-16.
Ilzetski, E., and C. Vegh (2008), “Procyclical Fiscal Policy in Developing [...] Corporate Culture
von Lianke Song und Bernt Mayer
24 A Micro Data Approach to the Identification of Credit Crunches
von Timo Wollmershäuser und Horst Rottmann
25 Strategies and possible directions to
Prescott (1997), “Postwar U.S. Business Cycles. An Empirical Investiga-
tion“. Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 29, 1-16.
Ilzetski, E., and C. Vegh (2008), “Procyclical Fiscal Policy in Developing [...] Corporate Culture
von Lianke Song und Bernt Mayer
24 A Micro Data Approach to the Identification of Credit Crunches
von Timo Wollmershäuser und Horst Rottmann
25 Strategies and possible directions to