(see Evans, 2005, among others). However, Beck & Wieland
actually base their assumption on a couple of studies supporting their view of
relatively long-lasting misperceptions (see, e.g., Orphanides [...] highlight financial intermediaries' role in determining the price of risk. As these
expand their balance sheets, their risk-bearing capacity increases and risk premiums
fall. Thus, balance sheet quantities [...] various financial intermediaries and their respective balance sheet
quantities. First, the information provided by institutions that are marking-to-market
their balance sheet is of superior quality
money supply. Instead, they adjust it to achieve a target for the interest rate, and they adjust
their interest-rate target in response to movements in output and inflation." oder etwa
Mehrling (2004
Evans, 2005, among others).
However, Beck & Wieland actually base their assumption on a couple of studies
supporting their view of relatively long-lasting misperceptions (see, e.g., Orphanides [...] highlight financial intermediaries' role in determining the price of risk. As these
expand their balance sheets, their risk-bearing capacity increases and risk premiums
fall. Thus, balance sheet quantities [...] various financial intermediaries and their respective balance sheet
quantities. First, the information provided by institutions that are marking-to-market
their balance sheet items is of superior
necessarily represent those of the Swiss National Bank.
Working Papers describe research in progress. Their aim is to
elicit comments and to further debate.
COPYRIGHT©
The Swiss National Bank (SNB) [...] via the internet, etc.) for
non-commercial purposes and provided that the source is menti-
oned. Their use for commercial purposes is only permitted with
the prior express consent of the SNB.
General [...] of US dollars. Central banks also have an interest in monitoring cash develop-
ments because of their role in operating the payment system. If banknotes are predominantly
demanded for hoarding purposes
specific types of
crisis (technological crisis, financial market crisis,
natural disaster) and their effects on the demand for
cash in an international context. As evidence from
the last 30 years shows [...] 1992/93, the (geo-)political crisis after the
9/11 attacks in 2001 and the Euro crisis in
2010/11. In their nature, however, these crises
were effectively confidence crises and hence
do not differ greatly [...] might
reflect precautionary motives as commer-
cial banks in these countries also quickly
increased their vault cash.19 For the US
dollar, the euro and the Swiss franc, again,
foreign non-transactional
money supply. Instead, they adjust it to achieve
a target for the interest rate, and they adjust their interest-
rate target in response to movements in output and infla-
tion.“
Der Poole‘schen Tradition
many changes are taking place quite rapidly or have already
been factored by market players into their decisions. These changes involve institutional aspects, the
operational level of the money market [...] also for persons working at
banks and other financial sector institutions who seek to deepen their knowledge of European
monetary policy.
We wish to thank Dr. Caroline Willeke of the Deutsche
banking supervision which function adds to their total staffing.
12 For most central banks the reason to combine research and conjunctural activities is related to their relative small
size. For some central [...] experience of the institutions
making up the Eurosystem and the fact that it is their constituencies who assess their
performance cannot be forgotten. In the case of the Eurosystem, some of the principles [...] contributors on topics which are of special interest to the OeNB. To ensure the high quality of
their content, the contributions are subjected to an international refereeing process. The
opinions are
explanatory variables) to identify business cycle turning points. Their model identifies only the Great
Recession episode as one of their regimes.8 As a result, they argue that looking at aggregate real [...] Although these models have sometimes problems in capturing the
recession regimes correctly, their forecasting accuracy is quite good.
ECB Working Paper Series No 2310 / August 2019 3
page [...] August 2019 4
page
growth, as seen since the onset of the financial crisis. However, their usefulness has fluctuated greatly
over time. Interestingly, since 2010, the nowcasts of world
euro area
and the US, which aim to reduce the problems of
mismatches between the duration of their assets and
liabilities. It is generally perceived that these regula-
tory changes will favour [...] policy,
the business cycle and inflation expectations.
Although the out-of-sample performance of their
model was good, they conclude that, ‘there are hints
of some instability in the last years.’ [...] Pradhan (2006) reject
the existence of a conundrum. They state that ‘a drop
of bond yields below their fair value such as the one
seen last year did not represent a break with past
pattern and, as such
equation can be
derived by inverting (5.2) and replacing output, the interest rate and the
residual by their equilibrium values (yt � y�t ; it � i�; ut � 0). The long-run or
equilibrium rate of inflation implied [...] Ltd 2001
F. Seitz and K.-H. ToÈdter
page
geer-seitz 7.6.01 14:30
output growth by their current estimates and forecasts, respectively, we obtain
an expression for the monetary target for [...] the
credibility of the inflation targeting central bank that publishes them, leading
agents to base their inflation expectations on other sources of information'
(Leitemo, 2000, p. 32). Moreover, in an o
mortgage-backed securities transactions Gaby Trinkaus
07 2010 Banks’ exposure to interest rate risk, their
earnings from term transformation, and
the dynamics of the term structure Christoph Memmel [...] Andreas Pfingsten
14 2010 How correlated are changes in banks’ net
interest income and in their present value? Christoph Memmel
01 2011 Contingent capital to strengthen the private
safety
balances. On the other hand, they
also increase their demand for non-transaction balances to hedge against the mounting
uncertainty of their digitally stored savings (Assenmacher et al., 2017, [...] people tend to increase their cash holdings
especially in times of uncertainty as a means of payment and/or as a store of value, central
banks should also not restrict their banknote denominations [...] financial crisis 2008 and a global natural disaster (Covid-19), but
also detect some other crises in their econometric estimates in which cash holdings soared.
But without further analysis, it is hard
problems like the
sovereign debt crisis mainly due to their inability to enforce EU member countries to reduce
their budget deficits and to their failure to force EMU members to comply with the rules [...] the IMF elaborated the
economic adjustment programs for these economies and closely monitored their progress
through quarterly reviews based on economic missions.
The active role of the IMF [...] participate
in the rescue programs? Was it a sign of weakness of the European institutions to solve their
problems alone and/or did the Europeans want to use the outstanding expertise of the IMF in
if the level of
real output rises above trend. The popularity of such rules stems from
their simplicity and their alleged robustness across a wide array of
macroeconomic models. In addition, the case for [...] gap as
well as to deviations of (expected) inflation and money growth from their
respective target values. Furthermore, their results suggest that the
monetary policy of the Bundesbank was characterised [...] output gap, even if there are no
shocks to money demand. One reason for their negative verdict on mone-
tary targeting is that their analysis abstracts from the problem of data
uncertainty. In fact, they
expectation of rising oil prices could, for example, prompt
the industrialized countries to increase their inventories. Security considerations
could also play a role in this respect.
We augment this [...]
oil prices follow a stochastic trend, they must all follow the same trend irrespective of
their maturity, i.e. the price differences between (arbitrarily selected) price pairs are
stationary [...] those of a random walk without drift or the optimised
ARIMA model.
10 Reitz et al. (2009) show in their analysis that oil price forecasts on the basis of survey data from
Consensus Economics never beat
diese Funktionen
zu erfüllen ist eine Variation der Mindestreservesätze nicht zielführend.
„In their analysis most economists have assumed that Central Banks „exogenously“ set
the high-powered monetary
zulässt.
For dual students:
- Projects of dual partner companies are worked on by their
dual students. If necessary, non-dual students can participate
in these projects if the number
Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden (OTH) in Weiden, Germany. Students are required in the course of their studies to complete a
minimum 20-week practical internship, preferably abroad. Students receive 25 [...] positions appropriate for interns in
a variety of departments.
By the time students begin their internship, they have usually had course work in the following areas (not an exhaustive list):
zulässt.
For dual students:
- Projects of dual partner companies are worked on by their
dual students. If necessary, non-dual students can participate
in these projects if the number
e-portfolios each week. Enough time to support the students with their
task on planning and documenting their project as well as to answer their questions and
collect feedback.
In preparation for the [...] entitlement in mind. They provide the students with the necessary competen-
cies to create their own e-portfolios out of their project task. Example portfolios show the
students a selection of possible layout [...] Annual Conference in September 2022
2162
1 INTRODUCTION
The existence of e-portfolios and their use in the academic world are known and tested for
many years [1]. In Germany however, e-portfolios
rather take a picture of their handwritten scripts to
load them into their e-portfolios. Thus, along with concrete instructions, students concurrently have
space to explore their own ideas and strengths [...] al in nature, study diaries or portfolios (or their
digital form, e-portfolios) are suitable for evaluating students’ skills. E-portfolios, with their functional
versatility, are ‘a tool for the [...] in writing their seminar papers. In contrast to exams, where the 60 minutes of the examination
are decisive for the assessment of students’ overall performance, students can work on their papers over
(usually rather later in the project)
manufacture and assemble their prototypes.
Once the students have achieved some progress in their projects, a short pitch is given
by a student at the beginning [...] laboratory. This
additional assignment achieves student reflection on their products, the projects' process,
as well as communicating their lessons learned to others (Balve and Albert, 2015). The
final project [...] attended the course in their sixth semester and had
no experience or knowledge of product design aside from the basic application of 3D-
CAD (from the lecture on engineering design in their second semester)
successful progress in their studies,
taking into account the measures currently required. All students are recommended to take
the offered examinations in order to avoid a delay in their study progress. [...] buildings have been
obliged to wear a mouth-and-nose covering without exception. Students bring their own com-
munity masks. It is only possible to deviate from the obligation to wear masks if a minimum
templates.
- Students recognize intercultural and interdisciplinary challenges in teamwork and adapt their working methods accordingly.
- Students use digital cooperation and communication tools.
Personal [...] page
39
Inhalt
- Basics of the Design Thinking Process
- Understanding user groups and their needs, requirements and problems (developing persona)
- Brainstorming and creativity techniques